Stand Your Ground in Florida (2024)

Self-defense laws in the US typically justify a person’s use of lethal force in public in situations where lethal force was necessary to prevent imminent death or serious bodily harm to themselves or another person. Traditionally, these laws have been clear that taking human life is not necessary, and is therefore not justified, if the person could have avoided using lethal violence by retreating, or simply stepping away from a confrontation. A person does not have a duty to retreat from a conflict before using force in their home, however (known as the Castle Doctrine).1

Stand your ground laws upend centuries of legal tradition, allowing a person to use deadly force in self-defense in public, even if that force can be safely avoided by retreating or when nonlethal force would suffice.

Florida Law

Florida has enacted a particularly egregious stand your ground law which allows people to use deadly force without retreating in public, even in situations where a person is not in imminent danger of death or serious bodily harm.2 Florida’s statute also makes it harder to properly investigate cases where a stand your ground defense is being used by limiting law enforcement’s ability to arrest someone who claims to have acted in self defense.3

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Stand Your Ground in Florida (1)
  1. American Bar Association, “National Task Force on Stand Your Ground Laws: Report and Recommendations,” (September 2015): 1.[]
  2. Fla. Stat. §§ 776.012(b); 776.031(b); 776.032(2). Under Florida law, a person is justified in using deadly force “if he or she reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible felony,” which is defined to include, among other things, burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle (or other “conveyance”). Fla. Stat. Ann. §§ 776.031(2); 810.02(4).[]
  3. Fla. Stat. § 776.032(2).[]
Stand Your Ground in Florida (2024)

FAQs

What is the stand your ground law in Florida? ›

A person who is not engaged in an unlawful activity, and who is attacked in any other place where he or she has a right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and meet force with force, including deadly force if he or she reasonably believes it is necessary to do so to prevent death ...

What is the burden of proof for stand your ground in Florida? ›

Instead of placing the entire burden on the defendant, the law now requires a defendant to establish only a prima facie case of self-defense immunity. At that point, the burden shifts to the prosecution to demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant does not qualify for immunity.

What is the stand your ground law in Florida 2024? ›

The Stand Your Ground law in Florida allows individuals to use deadly force in self-defense without the duty to retreat in situations where they are legally present and engaged in lawful activity. It is a self-defense law that gives individuals the right to protect themselves in certain situations.

What is a stand your ground law trial in Florida? ›

Florida Stand Your Ground Law Explained

Florida's current stand your ground law protects you from prosecution for homicide if you can prove that you believed you or another person was in imminent danger of bodily harm or death or that you used deadly force to prevent the commission of a felony.

What does Florida's stand your ground law authorize citizens to use? ›

The newly adopted Stand Your Ground law allows individuals to use deadly force if they reasonably believe that such force is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm to themself or another. Additionally, the law authorizes deadly force to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible felony.

Can I carry a gun without a concealed weapons permit in Florida? ›

The state is now “permitless carry.” A resident, or non-resident, of Florida is eligible to carry a concealed firearm in public if they would otherwise meet the eligibility criteria for obtaining a Florida concealed carry permit (see below).

How old is the stand your ground law in Florida? ›

In 2005, Florida governor Jeb Bush signed into law a bill called “stand your ground”. This law was one of the first of its kind in the United States, and after it was introduced in Florida, more than 20 other states followed suit with similar legislation.

Is the stand your ground law civil immunity in Florida? ›

What is the Florida Stand Your Ground Law? The Florida Stand Your Ground Statute holds that a person is generally “immune from criminal prosecution and civil action” when that person justifiably uses or threatens to use force under certain circ*mstances. § 776.032(1), Fla. Stat.

Can you defend your home in Florida? ›

The law, codified at Chapter 776 of the Florida Statutes, allows a homeowner to use deadly force if he or she is in fear for his or her life or the lives of members of the household.

Does Florida stand your ground law apply to felons? ›

then while you may be protected under Florida's Stand Your Ground law you will not be immunized from prosecution for possession of a weapon by a convicted felon. Again, no weapon of any sort is permitted so do not carry as you cannot lawfully do so.

What is the Castle Doctrine in Florida for cars? ›

The castle doctrine, Florida Statute 776.013(2)(a), clearly states that it must be an occupied vehicle. This means that an individual must be inside of the vehicle before you can use or threaten the use of deadly force. Just imagine for a second, you pull into a gas station.

How many states have stand your ground? ›

Some states use stand your ground in practice, such as through jury instructions or case law. These states are California, Colorado, Illinois, New MExico, Oregon, Virginia, and Washington.

What is an example of a stand your ground law in Florida? ›

Harry pulls his fist back but before he can throw the punch, Tom punches Harry in the face and knocks him to the ground. Under Florida Law, if Tom reasonably believed that he needed to punch Harry in order to defend himself, Tom had no duty to retreat and he should not be arrested nor prosecuted for striking Harry.

Do Stand Your Ground states have less crime? ›

However, experts told Newsweek that "stand your ground" laws do not deter crime, but actually encourage violence. They pointed to data published in scientific journals that shows they drive up homicides in states where they are enacted.

Is Florida an open carry state? ›

Fact: Open carry is still illegal in Florida under most circ*mstances. You may openly carry a firearm if you are engaged in or traveling to / from fishing, camping, hunting, or test / target shooting. Myth: Anybody can get a firearm without a background check.

What is an example of Stand Your Ground? ›

For example, if an unarmed child is attacking a man, the man cannot use deadly force in self defense regardless of the jurisdiction's stand your ground law. Similarly, if the threat is not imminent, force is not justified.

Can I detain a trespasser in Florida? ›

Any owner or person authorized by the owner may, for prosecution purposes, take into custody and detain, in a reasonable manner, for a reasonable length of time, any person when he or she reasonably believes that a violation of this paragraph has been or is being committed, and he or she reasonably believes that the ...

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